Isopleths are also called contour lines and are very helpful in showing elevation among others. In the case above, the lines are used to connect areas with similar hydrogen ion concentration.
Saturday, July 20, 2013
Isopleth
Isopleths are also called contour lines and are very helpful in showing elevation among others. In the case above, the lines are used to connect areas with similar hydrogen ion concentration.
DRG
Digital Raster Graphics are scanned or georectified USGS topoquads. They include all information from the scanned map. They can include contours, locations and buildings.
DLG
A Digital Line Graph is a feature represented in digital vector form. It is a file type that can contain a lot of information like topography, hydrography, boundaries, roads and contours. Many are made and distributed by the USGS.
DEM
Digital Elevation Model maps display elevation data in either digital or 3D form. Remote sensing is used to collect the information and then colors are used frequently to further show the distinction in elevation.
DOQQ
Digital Orthopho Quarter Quads are maps created by the USGS with uniform scale and orthorectified aerial images. Measurements can be made directly from the map without image distortion thanks to the technique of ractifaction used in these maps.
Classed Coropleth Map
Classed choropleth maps have intervals to display data in a simpler manner. The number of intervals and the way in which they are divided can vary.
Unclassed Choropleth Map
http://go.owu.edu/~jbkrygie/krygier_html/geog_353/geog_353_lo/geog_353_lo07.html
Unclassed choripleth maps are know for having continuius color intensity without set intervals. Every value is a different color so numerous shades will be present. Sometimes this can be challenging as shades tend to blend together at some point.
Bivariate Choropleth Map
Standardized Choropleth Map
Instead of showing totalled values, this map type uses aerealy averaged data. The information is also usually standarduzed to a unit, usually an area.
Unstandardized Choropleth Map
This thematic map Shows data as raw numbers. In this case the data is not averaged like other maps.
Nominal Choropleth Map
This thematic map type displays areal data. The colors in the map are used to show a difference between certain areas. The data is nominal data so there is no ranking order present. The map is useful in comparing data between different states or regions.
Bilateral Graph
Bilateral graphs show increases and decreases on either side of a zero, and can include negative numbers. This is a visualization map in which both variables and their overlap are shown.
Income Lorenz Curve
The curve shows the proportion of the distribution of the y values. It is very good at showing income distributions for example, among others.
Index Value Plot
This map type uses an index value instead of an absolute value to give a normal that values can be based from.
Scatterplot
Scatter plots are like line graphs in that they both use an axis, however scatter plots shows correlation inbetween the two variables. In this case an evaluation of wet day values for dependent data from North America is made.
Population Profile
Population profiles show ages of people for a given area. Density can also be determined by seeing where the majority of ages lie. The chart is very helpful in visualizing the birth rate in various countries. If the birth rate is low, the majority of people will be towards the top of the ages and the bottom where people are younger would be smaller in size.
Climatograph
Climatographs show temperature and precipitation over time in a defined area. Temperature is depicted by the straight line going across, while precipitation is depicted by the bars.
Windrose
Windroses are used by meteorologists to show wind speed and direction at a certain location. This map starts at 0 in the middle and then takes the frequency of winds in specific directions per unit time.
Rock Type Triangular Plot
Triangle plots are graphs with three variables and are used to show the proportion of these variables. Usually it is used in geology to show the composition of rock types, but they can be used with other variables as well.
Parallel Coordinate Plots
Parallel coordinate graphs are very useul in dealing with large multivariable data sets. These types of graphs can also bring various patterns to light as well when analyzing the multivariable data. Lines can also be used to exemplify a time series.
Birth Weight Histogram
Histograms graphically display data through bars that have a larger or smaller area based on the frequency of something occurring. Above, the frequency of birth weight of lambs is measured, showing that most lambs are either 1.4 or 1.5 kg at birth.
Box Plot
Box plots graphically depict groups of numerical data in five number summaries. This is very useful in statistical analysis. Moreover, these plots can be drawn horizontally or vertically.
Stem and Leaf Plot
This is a graphical method to display data, especially when there are few numbers. It only shows two-place accuracy. HOwever, they do show the frequency with which some classes of value happen.
SNP Similarity Matrix
Similarity matrices are matrices of scores that show similarity between two points. Higher scores are given to things that are more similar, low to those less similar. Single nucleotide polymorph similarity matrix shows the population stratification among strains that are laboratory inbred.
Phage T7 Proteins Correlation Matrix
Correlations are single numbers that shows the degree of relationship between two variables. Correlation Matrices list individual correlations between any two sets of variables. Correlation values range from -1 to 1, with -1 having the least correlation and 1 having the most. Above the calculated protein correlation matrix for phage T7 is shown.
Subject Star Chart
Star plots display multivariable data in a chart, represented on axes starting from the same point. This chart can represent actual values and goals set.
Friday, July 19, 2013
Isopach Map of the Rio Blanco Tephra Deposit
This type of map shows changes in thickness in a layer. The isopach lines are contour lines of equal thickness over area. In this case, the thickness of the layer gets bigger as the lines get closer to the crater.
Hagupit Isohyets
This map of part of China shows isohyetal lines that connect points of equal precipitation on a map. Isohyetal lines are a type of contour lines.
Isotachs
An isotach line, much like other contour lines connects points with constant wind speed. This map shows these lines along parts of the United States.
Isobars on a US Map
https://www.nc-climate.ncsu.edu/edu/k12/.IsobarIsotherm
An isobar is a type of contour line that connects lines that have the same pressure on a map. The lines are drawn connecting places of equal average atmospheric pressure reduced to sea level. Pressure lines are very important in order to show different weather phenomena and how it forms. The Weather Channel shows isobars on a US map.
Ground Zero LIDAR
LIDAR is a remote sensing technique that illuminates a target with a laser and analyses the reflected light and measures distance. NOAA conducted flights over the World Trade Center site after September 11 in this map.
US Doppler Radar
Doppler radar is a type of radar that uses the Doppler effect to create velocity data about objects at a distance. This technique is used by meteorologists to show the motion of precipitation. Here the weather channel shows the precipitation in the US during the specific date and time.
Black and White Aerial Photo of an Interchange
Black and white aerial photos are used in remote sensing to show a view of the Earth from above. Depending on the resolution, these maps can be very detailed, being able to show the differences between land, water, trees roads and buildings.
Vegetation Infrared Aerial Photo
http://www.geoconnexion.com/geouk_news_article/Colour-Infrared-Map-Goes-Online-at-Bluesky/5415
Infrared maps take images using infrared electromagnetic radiation aerially or by satelite. The infrared images distinguish trees and crops from non living things such as concrete. The photo used looks at how healthy vegetation is in England and Whales.
Hurricane Irene Cartographic Animation
Cartographic animations are very important in further visualizing the information present in maps. This map shows an animation of Hurricane Irene as it makes its path to the US.
US Percentage Statistical Map
Statistical Maps use data to make statistical tests and inferences. These maps help visualize data that could otherwise be difficult to comprehend with just numbers. The map above deals with percentages that were extracted from software such as ArcMap by plugging in the data of pregnancies aborted and state of residence.
Population Density Choropleth Map
http://jaymans.wordpress.com/2012/09/08/further-testing-the-pioneer-hypothesis-canada-and-russia/
Choropleth maps are types of thematic maps that show a shaded or patterned region in order to express data such as proportion. This map showing US population density helps visualize the level of variability within the US and expresses valuable information for people that would like to move from one place to another and government planning.
Trade Flow Map
A flow map is a mix of a flow chart and maps to illustrate movement from one location to another. In this case, the map focuses on imports and exports to and from the US and China. Having this map can be beneficial in visualizing the economy and the trade relationships of the two countries.
US Temperature Isoline Map
Isoline maps connect points of equal measurement with lines to separate different areas. This method can be also used to measure elevation and relief in topographic maps among other things. This map specifically uses isolines to show temperature differences across the United States.
West Nile Proportional Circle Map
Proportional circle maps take circle sizes and use them to convey meaning to statistics. For example, the map above shows the number of cases of west nile virus in the US. The more cases present, the bigger the circles for each state get. Surprisingly Florida was not the leader in cases that year.
Cropland Dot Distribution Map
The dot distribution map type uses dots to show the occurrence of a value. Each dot represents one single occurrence of the certain value. Depending on scatter, a spatial pattern can arise. In this case, the amount of cropland harvested is represented by dots with one being 25,000 acres.
USSR Propaganda Map
Propaganda maps are used to communicate and influence others to a cause or position; usually without presenting the other side of the argument. The propaganda can be a bit false and a bit true, the emphasis is to sway people to the desired side. The map chosen is a perfect example of Soviet map propaganda. The map shows the USSR's neighbors trying to invade and the heroic Bolshevik guard defeating them. This image was used to instill pride, nationality and safety in the hearts and minds of Soviet people.
Europe Hypsometric Map
Hypsometric maps depict elevation through shading and color, making the 2D paper seem three dimentional. This type of map relates to contours and topographic maps as many topographic maps can have hypsometric tints. The 100 year old map above depicts Europe with elevation of terrain.
Kitsap County PLSS Map
The Public Land Survey System (PLSS) map is historically used to survey land and organize parcels before ownership is established. This was especially popular for rural, wild or undeveloped land. The map above designates different areas in Kitsap County, Washington. The areas are designated into townships and below.
Cadastral Map
A cadastal map or a cadastre is in a way a register of the boundaries of different pieces of land. The map usually has details about the ownership, precise location and value of the land. The map above divides parcels of land in this manner.
Biome Thematic Map
Thematic maps generally are used to show a special topic, for example in this case where different biomes are located in the world. These maps differ from planimetric maps in the sense that features like rivers, cities among others are used to help define the theme or topic introduced, they are not the main point of the map.
Planimetric Map
http://www.adastra.adastron.com/ops/cartography.htm
This is one of the broad classifications that maps fall under. This map type only looks at the features represented by horizontal positions. Unlike topographic maps relief is omitted in measurable form. Natural features that appear on a planimetric map may include bodies of water, mountains, valleys and plains; and forests, prairies, marshes and deserts. Planimetric maps show boundary locations, roads and buildings. As an example, the picture above shows road pattern, railways, creeks and local boundaries that can be helpful to someone trying to navigate the area.
Wednesday, July 17, 2013
Global Warming Mental Map
A mental map is the perception of the world in a person's personal point of view. In this case, the creator took the concept of gloal warming and outlined the evidence, causes and solutions to the phenomena. The mental map shows a window into the mind of the person creating the map.
Monday, July 15, 2013
Carbon Footprint Cartogram
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A cartogram is useful in showing showing distorted area or distance in order to convey information about a different variable, in this case carbon dioxide output per region/country. The size of the countries varies by amount of carbon dioxide released. From this, one can visually see that the main emitters of carbon dioxide in the world are the US and China. The focus of this map is on the determination of carbon emissions from countries. The information would be helpful for governments and other industries in making proper policies.
Wolverine Glacier Topographic Map
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The topographic map shows the elevation of a part of Alaska, specifically Wolverine Glacier. The contour intervals are 100 meters on rock, 10 on the glacier. The different intervals help how specifically where the glacier is visually. The interest of the map is the Wolverine Glacier. The location of measurement sites and geodetic control monuments are also part of the map, which would help scientists in the area know what has already been done with the Wolverine Glacier.
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